JOURNAL ARCHIVE
2026-08-29
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Journal Customary Law
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pp. 1–14
Giovanni Ruben Siregar, Yopik Gani, Kif Aminanto
This study seeks to examine weaknesses in the police intelligence legal framework in detecting and making decisions related to transnational crimes, as well as to reconstruct the system by introducing predictive policing and an integrated criminal intelligence approach that ensures fairness and legal certainty. The research employs a normative juridical method with statutory and conceptual approaches, analyzing the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, Law Number 2 of 2002 on the Indonesian National Police, Law Number 17 of 2011 on State Intelligence, and other relevant regulations concerning transnational crime and police intelligence. The findings show that the shortcomings of police intelligence in addressing transnational crime stem from regulatory inconsistencies, weak integration of intelligence data, limited inter-agency coordination, unclear decision-making procedures, and insufficient oversight and human rights safeguards. These conditions indicate that conventional law enforcement methods are increasingly inadequate in responding to transnational crimes that are cross-border, organized, and technologically advanced. This research proposes a reconstruction of the police intelligence legal system through regulatory reform, the development of an integrated criminal intelligence system, the strengthening of predictive policing based on artificial intelligence and big data analytics, the establishment of an independent oversight mechanism, and the strengthening of international cooperation to create a modern, preventative, predictive, accountable, and equitable police intelligence system for combating transnational crime.
JOURNAL ARCHIVE
2026-08-29
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Journal Customary Law
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pp. 1–16
Ridwan Mohamad Faisal, Yopik Gani, Kif Aminanto
The digital economic transformation has changed the structure of the national financial system and given rise to various new forms of risks that have the potential to disrupt national macroeconomic stability, such as cyber attacks on the financial sector, digital bank runs, financial data leaks, digital asset volatility, and the dominance of global technology platforms in payment systems and economic transactions. This study aims to analyze the weaknesses of the legal framework for financial system stability supervision in Indonesia in the face of the risk of a digital crisis, examine the relationship between institutional resilience and state capacity on macroeconomic stability, and formulate a legal reformulation of financial system stability supervision based on digital risks towards Indonesia Emas 2045. This study employs a normative juridical method with legislative and conceptual approaches through an analysis of the Bank Indonesia Law, the Financial Services Authority Law, the Financial System Crisis Prevention and Management Law, the Electronic Information and Transactions Law, and the Personal Data Protection Law. The results of the study indicate that the legal system for financial supervision in Indonesia still faces fragmentation of authority, weak institutional coordination, limited cyber resilience regulations, and the absence of integrated digital financial supervision capable of comprehensively anticipating digital threats. Therefore, legal reform is needed through strengthening cyber financial governance, establishing a digital crisis management framework, integrating a national early warning system, strengthening financial data protection, and developing an adaptive, responsive, and resilient digital financial oversight system to strengthen the state's capacity to maintain macroeconomic stability towards Indonesia Emas 2045.